Carbureter.



y E. E. VWGKERSHAM CARBURETER. AfPLlcA'mN FILED 1AN.26, 191A.

RENEW??? IJNE h 1915.(

Vf ITN [C FES ES:

(2g/Salar, Lv 15S/M.

Application filed January 26, 41914, 'Serial No. 814,355.

para4 raras rerun ermee..

"ELMER E. WICKERSHAM,AOF\UNNYVALE, CALIFORNIA, ASSIGNOR T0 TI-IIEV YUB CONSTRUCTION COMPANY, 'UF SAN FRANCISCO, CALIFORNIA, A CORPORATION or CALIFORNIA.

To allfwkom t may concern.'

Be it 'known that I, yELMER E.\-W1on`na sHAM, a. citizen oftherllnited States, residing at Sunnyvale, infthecounty of Santa Clara and State of California,- have invented new and useful Improvementsin Carbureters, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to carbureters.

It is the object of the present invention to provide a carbureter with a single air inlet inwhich sutlicient air is introduced at low speed for starting purposes, and which is controlled by a valve for the admission of a larger quantity of air as the speed of the motor increases.

It is a furtherobject of the present 1nvention to provide a carbureter, eliminating as far as possible, auxiliaryWvalves,l springs, fuel-valves and complicated adjustingV devices-commonly employed in carbureters.

It is a further object of the invention to provide acarbureter of such design that the income from the air-inlet is thrown or directed downwardly," andl to provide a hotplate toward which the air current is'directed so'that fuel vapor drawn from a nozzle is impinged upon or brought into close proximity to the plate so that the heat itself vaporizesall the moisture gathered bythe airvpassing the nozzle, thus raising the tem- I perature of' the vapor and imparting to it suiicient latent heat to maintain it in a nearly gaseous form, thus'avoiding condensation during the passage from thecarbureterdto the engine cylinders, thus providing a carbureter so designed that the vaporizationof the liquid fuel is aided by the-*dis charge in spray form from' the nozzle, and

vto

by the yvaporizing eiec't of'the hot-plate within the carbureter.v

' A further and very important object of my presentinvention is-to provide a carbu- Y reter involving a structure so designed-that a proper proportion ofh'fuel vapor is drawn into the carbureter in proportion to the speedof the motor, this design involving a structure whereby atmospheric pressure 1s automatically controlled without moving parts, and effecting the vvolume of. discharge from the spray-nozzle of the carbureter constantly in proportion to the speed of the motor, and particularly.v to providea carbureter in which the air-prcssure in the gasolene chamber is automatically varied Aby the CARBURETER.

i Specification of Letters Patent.

tension of the vacuum iin the carbureter, so .that as the zle, the pressure of air in the gasolene or f uel chamber decreases, and thus the effectlve head upon the fuel at the nozzle is diminished.

Another object of the present invention is to provide a carburetercapable of efciently vaporizing coal oil, distillate and other lower grade hydro-carbon fuels, means being provided for supplying said fuel to the 'main chamber of the carbureter, and means also being provided for the supply of the richer hydro-carbon fuel to the carburetor for the purpose of ready and quick starting of the motor.

The invention consists of a carbureter with a gasolene float-chamber, a spray nozzle communicating with said chamber, and means for controlling the degree of pressure in the lioatchamber upon the fuel in proportion to the pressure in the vapor-flue of the carbureter.

The invention further consists of the Whole, the parts and the combination of parts as hereinafter set forth, and shown in the accompanying drawing in which- Figure l is' a central vertical section through the carbureter; Fig. 2 is a horizontal section on the line Xv X of Figi` The carbureter indicated generally at 2 consists of a fuel-chamber 8 to whichmay be connected a -pipe 4 from a source of supply of liquid fuel,`the flow of which is-controlled by a suitable valve 5 to which is con- .nected a :float 6 which, when elevated by the charge of `fuel in the fuel-chamber Beperates to cut oft the flow of fuel. laterally from the float chamber 3 is a shali low channel 7 into which opens a discharge nozzle 8 with a plurality of discharge apertures 9 of fixed size directed downwardly.

The nozzle 8 stands central in an inlet tubelO, in which is movable adjustably a controlling valve 11, the size of which as to-permit a suilicient quantity of air to enter the flue l0 during the operation of the motoig to which thecarbureter may be attached, the air passing through the lues and being dire-ted downwardly along the nozzle 8, and impinging'upon ahot-plate l2,V forinling the top of a chamberl toavhich a portion ofl the hot'cvha'ust gases from the motor may-be conveyed-through a pipe 14; thence, passing through the chamber 13, and dis- Extending l is such charging at an outlet pipe 15, the not gases heating the hot-plate 12,l and the utop'vvall of te channel 7, and serving at the same time to heat the liquid fuel Iin 1the channel 7 While passing'l to the spray-nozzle 8. and heating the vapor passing through the carbureter in the passage-way 16 above the plate 12 f-Which is. at right angles to the axis of the air-flue 10. The heated vapor arising from the passage-Way 1G passes'upvvardly through the flue 18', the upper end of Which may be connected of the motor.

Within the discharge flue 18 ofthe Vaporizer is mounted a throttle 19 having an operating lever 20 connected by the adjustable link 21 to a lever 22 of the air-Valve 11, so thatthese valves may be adjusted initially to suit given conditions and thereafter remain in such adjustment, and operate simultaneously so that the speed of the engine is controlled bythe movement of the throttle 19,' and also the volume of air admitted to the carbureter, controlled by the airvalve 11. It is one of the important features of this invention to design and provide a carbureter in which the over-enrichment of the vapor drawn fromthe carbureter is effectively and automatically eliminated by so constructing the carbureter that the pressure upon the fuel in the fuel-chamber 3 is' constantly` controlled by the degree of pressure in the suction-Hue 18, so that as the engine increases speed and the pressure falls, or the vacuum increases in the chamber 18, simultaneously there will be a .variation of pressure in the fuel-chamber' 3, so that the pressure therein will fall as it decreases'in the vaporflue 18, and thus the quantity of fuel drawn from the nozzle 8 through the apertures 9 Will be diminished, and conversely, as pressure increases in the vapor-flue 18 a corre-y sponding increase will be effected in the flue-r chamber 3, and this increase proportionately increasing the discharge from the nozzle 8. This automatic variation of pressure in the fuel-chamber l3 in proportion'to the variation of pressure in the chamber 18 is effected in a very simple manner Without requiring in any Way the attention of the operator, or'

the adjustment of any devices Whateverafter the carburetor has once 'been set `to meet ygiven conditions.- The laccomplishment of l means `comprising a duct or aperture 23,

which is of suchv size as will afford the desii-ed tendency ofcqualization of-pressure as between the air-pressure in thefucl-chambcr 3 and the pressureof the vapor-chamber 18.l The ratio between the pressures in the chambers 3 18 is controlled by providing a port `or aperture 2a, which opens through the wall of the carburetor to estab to the intake, or manifold lish communication .with lthe atmosphere to the chamber 3; and in'order to control the tareaof the opening 24 there is provideda suitable valve 25 having ay port 26 which may be turned with relation to the port 24, so

as to permit the cut-off or increase of How.

of air through the port 24 intothe chamber 3, such as given conditions of altitude or temperature may require. A

The operation and effect ofthe carbureter is asv follows: Assuming that'the device has been applied to a motor, and ,it i's desired to start the latter, and that the air-throttle 25 has been adjusted to meet the given condi tions; then, as motor is cranked, a suction takes place in the vapor chambers and fiues of the carburetor so that air isintroduced past the 'air-valve 11, and this induces a',-

spray of fuel -from the nozzle 8 which enriches the air drawn into the engine through the vapor-flue 18. Atzslo'w speed, the pressure of air in the chamber 3, which communicates with an atmosphere through the port 2st is substantiallythe same as atmospheric. Upon the increase of speed of the motor, and with greater suction effect of the air current passing the spray-nozzle 8, the quantity of fuel Ifrom the latter is proportionately increased; and ordinarily, Without some means being provided, the quantity of fuel introduced would be 'excessive and thusj wastefully enrich the fuel vapor. By my present carbureter, 'as the suction in the ue 18 increases, it tends through means of the communication afforded by the port 23 to decrease the pressure of air -in the fuelchamber 3 and upon lthe liquid therein, so

lished, and with it edectively vaporized the' lower'grades of hydro-carbon, such as coal, oil, distillate, etc. When thecarbureter is being supplied ,with these low grade fuels, itis desirableinorder lto obtain a quick sta-rt, that means be provided for introducing a supplyof rich. fuel, such as gasolene,

and to that end I have attached to channel' '7, or at any suitable location to theacarbureter a gasoleue supply pipe 27 in .which is mounted a valve 28, so that When starting the motor the valve 28 maybe opened and a quantity of gasolenc with suflicient pressure admitted to, the channel 7, and thisy will flow to the nozzle 8 in advance of fthej oil in the fuel chamber As soon 'as I motor has started the gasolene may be' cut yao niemeer at the valve 28, ami the lower grade of fuel drawn from the chamber 3.

l c1aiinl. In a carburetor, a fuel supply chamo ber, a channel extending laterally from said bamber, a plate located above said channel spacefl relation thereto to Aform a hot gas chamber, an inlet tube having its lower end clieposerl over saicl plate in spaced rela* t's thereto, a @discharge liuc to one side of e inlet tube; a nozzle communicating with channel. and extending through the hot gas chamber ancl said plate and up into the :s'r inlet tube, a valve controllecl port corre eating with the atmosphere and with wald fuel supply chamber, there being a port between. said iuel supply chamber and the liuc, and. ineans'to lead hot gas into and out of the het gas chamber.

2. ln a carbureter, a. vertically disposed fuel supply chamber and a horizontal passage leading therefrom, a horizontal hot gas chamber overlying said passage and terminating at its inner end at the inner end oi the supply chamber, an air inlet flue having a discharge which overlies the hot gas chamber, a'vertical spray nozzle connected?. to the passage and extending up into the air flue, and an exit passage arranged to have its lower end disposed over said hot gas chamber.

ln carbureter, a main i'uely supply chamber having a horizontal passage leading therefrom, a carbureting chamber having a floor overlying and spaced vertically from said passage to provide therewith a heating chamber, an air inlet flue leading to said carbureting chamber, and a. gas exit pipe, a spray pipe Iextending from said pasinto flue anfl having passages arranged to direct the hiel jets downward to- Ward saiclfloor, saicl'heating' chamber eX- tending to said main fuel supply chamber.

4. ln a carburetor, a main Jfuel supply chamber having a horizontal discharge passage, a carburetingchamber, an air inlet iue leading thereinto, a plate forming the bottoni wall of saicl carbureting chamber, said plate overlying anal spaced vertically from saicl passage anl forming therewith a heating chamber which entends to said main fuel chamber, and a spray pipe connected with said passage and extending through the heating chamber and into said. Ene, and discharging fuel lownwarcl toward. seid plate, 1whereby the sprayed fuel is brought into direct contact with the heated bottom Wall of.' the carbur-eting chamber.`

5. ln a carbureter, a main fuel supply chamber, a horizontal discharge passage leading therefrom., a earbureting chamberA located over saicl passage and having a plate constituting its floor which is spaced Vertically from said passage and for-ms there` with a heating chamber that extends to said main fuel chamber, air inlet and gas discharge iiues in communication with the carbureting chamber, and a. fuel spray pipe connected with saicl passage and extending through the heating chamber and into the air inlet flue andarrangefl Ito discharge the fuel downward against said plate.

ln testimony whereof l have hereunto set my hand in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

Witnesses STEINBERG, M. E. Annalen-f. 

